The growth in Pakistans economy has increased the pressure on energy resources. As demand for energy exceeds supply power outages and planned power cuts (euphemistically termed load-shedding) are common. In addition to economic costs energy shortages can also foster political instability. June 2006 saw riots in Karachi over repeated power failures. A widespread power outage across much of the country three months later triggered rumours of a coup. This unrest may be only a foretaste of things to come. If Pakistan is to flourish it must become serious about the challenges it faces in the energy sector. This timely volume highlights the mismatch between Pakistan's energy requirements and its likely sources of power over the next twenty to thirty years. It considers the measures which should be taken by the Pakistani government, Pakistans private sector, foreign investors, and the international donor community to enable Pakistan to meet its energy needs.