Ballet Class

Surveying the state of American ballet in a 1913 issue of McClure's Magazine, author Willa Cather reported that few girls expressed any interest in taking ballet class and that those who did were hard-pressed to find anything other than dingy studios and imperious teachers. One hundred years
later, ballet is everywhere. There are ballet companies large and small across the United States; ballet is commonly featured in film, television, literature, and on social media; professional ballet dancers are spokespeople for all kinds of products; nail polish companies market colors like "Ballet
Slippers" and "Prima Ballerina;" and, most importantly, millions of American children have taken ballet class. Beginning with the arrival of Russian dancers like Anna Pavlova, who first toured the United States on the eve of World War I, Ballet Class: An American History explores the growth of
ballet from an ancillary part of nineteenth-century musical theater, opera, and vaudeville to the quintessential extracurricular activity it is today, pursued by countless children nationwide and an integral part of twentieth-century American childhood across borders of gender, class, race, and
sexuality.

A social history, Ballet Class takes a new approach to the very popular subject of ballet and helps ground an art form often perceived to be elite in the experiences of regular, everyday people who spent time in barre-lined studios across the United States. Drawing on a wide variety of materials,
including children's books, memoirs by professional dancers and choreographers, pedagogy manuals, and dance periodicals, in addition to archival collections and oral histories, this pathbreaking study provides a deeply-researched national perspective on the history and significance of recreational
ballet class in the United States and its influence on many facets of children's lives, including gender norms, consumerism, body image, children's literature, extracurricular activities, and popular culture.

"Klapper pulls together information from an array of oral histories, archives, dance magazines, children's books and memoirs. As a professor of history, she may have an academic background but the book never feels like an academic tome ... a fascinating read." -- Seeing Dance

"Ballet Class is a thoroughly delightful and informative read - a well-rounded study that looks at ballet class through several different lenses. For dance history buffs, significant attention is paid to the early days of ballet class and the events that drove its rise and popularity...Ballet Class
is an academic book to be sure, but has a very approachable style." -- Heather Desaulniers, CriticalDance

"Ballet Class has provided a solid and wide-ranging foundation -- I hope others will hasten to take this as an opportunity to build even further." -- Emma Cohen, Thinking Dance

"This thoughtful and capacious book starts informally with the author assessing her own childhood ballet classes -- then opens out to chart ballet's rise to prominence among America's most cherished childhood traditions.� Along the way she does justice to a number of under-sung ballet
teacher-pioneers, takes on ballet's problematic relations to such topics as body image, gender, and race -- and ends up offering nothing less than a two-century-long social history of American culture itself." -- Elizabeth Kendall, Associate Professor of Liberal Studies and Literary Studies, The
New School for Social Research, author of Balanchine and the Lost Muse Revolution and the Making of a Choreographer

"At a time when the relevance of ballet for the 21st�century context is under scrutiny, this lively account provides much needed personal and meticulously researched revelations into its beloved (though not unproblematic) role in providing comfort, challenge, discipline, artistry, fitness,
creativity, and empowerment to generations of regular girls and boys across America." -- Naomi Jackson, Associate Professor of Dance, Herberger College of the Arts, Arizona State University

"Of the myriads of little girls who fell in love with ballet the first time they faced the mirror, few became ballerinas. I imagine that fewer became prize-winning historians, but Melissa R. Klapper did. She has returned to the dance studio with this definitive history of America's ballet classes.
Ballet students end class with a reverence to their teacher. I bow to Melissa Klapper. Her remarkable book takes those who remember the five positions back to their days in ballet class." -- Pamela S. Nadell, Patrick Clendenen Chair in Women's and Gender History at American University and author of
America's Jewish Women: A History from Colonial Times to Today