A combination of the concepts subjective - or Bayesian - statistics and scientific computing, the book provides an integrated view across numerical linear algebra and computational statistics. This book has been written for undergraduate and graduate students in various areas of mathematics and its applications. It is for students who are willing to get acquainted with Bayesian approach to computational science but not necessarily to go through the full immersion into the statistical analysis. It has also been written for researchers working in areas where mathematical and statistical modeling are of central importance, such as biology and engineering. This book, written by internationally known authors, is intended as an easily accessible read for those who need numerical and statistical methods in applied sciences.