Over the past three decades we have witnessed the environmental devastation caused by military conflict in the wake of the Vietnam War, the Gulf War and the Kosovo conflict. This book brings together international lawyers, military officers, scientists, and economists to examine the legal, political, economic, and scientific implications of wartime damage to the natural environment and public health. This analysis of the existing legal framework includes lessons from peacetime environmental law, scientific assessment and economic valuation of ecological and public health damage, and proposals for future developments.