Give your readers a balanced study about birth defects. Essays are arranged so that they provide more than one intelligent viewpoint on the topics covered. Chapter one introduces the most common birth defects. Essay sources include the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Spina Bifida Association. Chapter two discusses what causes birth defects, from sources such as Jacques Leslie and Denise M. Burke. Chapter three debates whether pregnant women should undergo birth defect screening. Chapter four details how birth defects should be addressed. Infographics, illustrations, charts, graphs, and sidebars support the essays.