Francisco Jose de Caldas: A Scientist at Work in Nueva Granada Transactions, American Philosophical

A study of Francisco Jose de Caldas y Tenorio, who was born in 1768 in the Spanish colony Nueva Reino de Granada. In the first half of the 18th century France sent an expedition to the equator to learn the true figure of the Earth. However, Spain maintained strict control over the colonies' access to books and other Europeans' access to the colonies. Caldas, with a fervent interest in science and lacking the educational resources and personal contacts available in Europe, developed a scientific program based on what was available to him. The arrival of the Prussian naturalist, Alexander von Humboldt, brought to a head Caldas's discontent with his own isolation from the European community. Black and white illustrations.