DNA of Disaster: Catastrophe by Design

The DNA of Disaster: Catastrophe by Design examines how human-designed systems and organizations can unknowingly create conditions for catastrophic failure. Through detailed analysis of major disasters including the Titanic sinking, Challenger Space Shuttle explosion, and Concorde crash, the book reveals recurring patterns in how human assumptions, cultural biases, and organizational structures contribute to preventable tragedies.

The author introduces the concept of "noise" in designed systems - unexpected outcomes that signal potential catastrophic flaws - and demonstrates how this noise is often ignored due to political pressure, economic interests, or cultural monuments that blind decision-makers to danger. The book explores four fundamental human follies that repeatedly appear in disasters: assuming divine intervention where none exists, failing to recognize intentional design, misunderstanding the true nature of designed systems, and misunderstanding natural forces.

Using the metaphor of DNA, the book traces how initial design choices, organizational hierarchies, and cultural assumptions become embedded in systems, creating vulnerabilities that can later prove catastrophic. Special attention is paid to "Cassandras" - technical experts who identify dangers but are ignored by management - and how organizational structures often prevent crucial safety feedback from reaching decision-makers.

Through examination of primary sources and investigation reports, the book demonstrates how cultural monuments - revered symbols of national pride or achievement - can dangerously influence judgment and override safety concerns. The author also explores how "dark-sky monuments" - manufactured threats or enemies - can be weaponized to achieve political goals at the expense of public safety.

This work provides essential insights for engineers, managers, policymakers, and anyone interested in preventing future disasters by understanding how human factors combine with technical systems to enable catastrophe. By identifying common patterns in historical disasters, the book offers a framework for recognizing and addressing potential catastrophic flaws in designed systems before tragedy occurs.